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fog of war
The fog of war ((ドイツ語:Nebel des Krieges)) is the uncertainty in situational awareness experienced by participants in military operations.〔Joint Service Command and Staff College, Advanced Command and Staff Course Notes dated 2001〕 The term seeks to capture the uncertainty regarding one's own capability, adversary capability, and adversary intent during an engagement, operation, or campaign. Military forces try to reduce the fog of war through military intelligence. The term is also used to define uncertainty mechanics in wargames.
==Origin==
The word "fog" in reference to uncertainty in war was introduced by the Prussian military analyst Carl von Clausewitz in his posthumously published book, ''Vom Kriege'' (1832), which appeared in English translation in 1873 under the title ''On War'':
It has been pointed out that Von Clausewitz doesn't refer to a literal "fog of war," using multiple similar metaphors such as "twilight" and "moonlight" to describe lack of clarity. It wasn't until 1896 when the literal "fog of war" was used in text, described as "the state of ignorance in which commanders frequently find themselves as regards the real strength and position, not only of their foes, but also of their friends."〔(“The fog of war” ), by Col. Lonsdale Hale, Royal Engineers (retired), Aldershot Military Academy, March 24, 1896.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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